ABSTRACT
This research was used with high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), combined with information entropy-response surface method(RSM) to investigate the ethanol concentration, extraction time, liquid-to-material ratio. Taking the content of four chromogens as evaluation indexes, the weight coefficients of each index were given, and the comprehensive score was calculated to optimize the extraction process. Then, prim-O-glucosylcimifugin was used as the reference, the relative calibration factors(RCFs) of cimifugin, 4'-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol and sec-O-glucosylhamaudo to prim-O-glucosylcimifugin were calculated respectively. The contents of four components in Saposhnikoviae Radix were determined by both external standard method(ESM)and quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker(QAMS) method, and the results were compared. At last, combined with principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) to evaluate the quality of the Saposhnikoviae Radix in different production areas. The optimal extraction process parameter of the Saposhnikoviae Radix was as follows: liquid-to-material ratio is 60∶1(mL·g~(-1)), extraction time is 35 min, and ethanol concentration is 70%. The repeatability of the RCFs was perfect, and the results calculated by the QAMS were consistent with the results from the ESM. The stoichiometric results indicate that there are obvious differences in the distribution of Saposhnikoviae Radix in different production areas, and cimifugin and prim-O-glucosylcimifugin are the characteristic compounds that cause this difference. In this study, the optimal extraction process is stable and feasible, and the method of QAMS is accurate and reliable. From the perspective of four chromogens, there are differences in the quality of the Saposhnikoviae Radix in different production areas. Therefore, the established extraction process combined with the method of QAMS can be used to evaluate the quality of Saposhnikoviae Radix and provide a scientific basis for the quality control of Saposhnikoviae Radix.
Subject(s)
Apiaceae , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Entropy , Plant RootsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the correlation between degenerative lumbar scoliosis and osteoporosis in adults.@*METHODS@#From March 2012 to June 2016, the clinical data of 53 patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis were retrospectively analyzed for a correlation study between degenerative lumbar scoliosis and osteoporosis. Fifty-three patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis were selected as observation group and another 53 inpatients without lumbar scoliosis as control group. There were 11 males and 42 females with an average age of 69 years (range 63 to 76 years) old in observation group. And in control group, there were 16 males and 37 females with an average age of 68.5 years (range 59 to 74 years) old, including lumbar disc herniation in 33 cases, lumbar spinal stenosis in 13 cases, spondylolisthesis in 7 cases. The 53 patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis were confirmed by X-ray and MRI, their Cobb angle of lumbar scoliosis was measured. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure the bone mineral density, the T values of L₂-L₄ segments, femoral neck, Ward triangle and femoral trochanter were recorded. Linear regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between osteoporosis and degenerative lumbar scoliosis.@*RESULTS@#There were significant differences in the bone mineral density T values between two groups (<0.05). Bone mineral density T value in patients with lumbar scoliosis were significantly higher than that in the patients with no lumbar scoliosis (<0.05), (-2.56±0.65 vs -1.39±0.77). The T values of L₂-L₄ segments, femoral neck, Ward triangle and femoral trochanter had no remarkable correlation with Cobb's angles.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Osteoporosis is a risk factor for degenerative scoliosis, but the severity of osteoporosis and degree of scoliosis has no obvious correlation.